Integrative model of text and picture comprehension wolfgang schnotz. Mayers cognitive theory of multimedia learning mayers ctml contends that words and pictures presented to the learner via a multimedia presentation are processed along two separate, nonconflicting channels figure 1. The multimedia effect is consistent with a cognitive theory of multimedia learning because students given multimedia explanations are able to build two different mental representationsa verbal model and a visual modeland build connections between them. Although mayers cognitive theory of multimedia learning draws on many theories, mayers multimedia theory is specifically based on paivios dual coding theory which basically assumes that humans have separate information processing channels for verbal and pictorial information for auditory and visual messages. In short, this book summarizes research aimed at realizing the promise of multimedia learning that is, the potential of using words and pictures together to promote human understanding. The cognitive theory of multimedia learning sorden. Home books the cambridge handbook of multimedia learning. A cognitive theory of multimedia learning based on three main assumptions. It states that the human mind processes information actively, in order to construct meaningful learning and retention of memories, through three main cognitive measurements.
The cognitive theory of multimedia learning is based on three cognitive. Although mayers cognitive theory of multimedia learning draws on many theories, mayers multimedia theory is specifically based on paivios dual coding theory which basically assumes that humans have separate information processing channels for verbal and. Multimedia learning an overview sciencedirect topics. Cognitive theory of multimedia learning is one of the cognitivist learning theories introduced by an american psychology professor richard mayer in the 1990s. Cognitive theory of multimedia learning request pdf. Limited humans are limited in the amount of information capacity that they can process in each channel at one time. However, simply adding words to pictures is not an effective way to achieve multimedia learning. Examples of multimedia learning include watching a powerpoint presentation, watching a prerecorded lecture or reading a physics textbook. Students in the master of science in elearning technology and administration and master of science in education in elearning design and instruction at northern state university in aberdeen, south dakota, u. In this second edition, mayer includes double the number of experimental. The cognitive theory of multimedia learning ctml is based on three.
Cognitive theory of multimedia learning mayer the principle known as the multimedia principle states that people learn more deeply from words and pictures than from words alone mayer, p. The cambridge handbook of multimedia learning edited by richard mayer august 2005. We begin with a cognitive theory of multimedia learning mayer, 1997, as outlined in. The cognitive theory of multimedia learning, or ctml, is intended to describe the processing by which users encode and learn from digital multimedia e. Apr 30, 2019 mayers cognitive theory on multimedia learning was developed to foster meaningful learning or a deeper understanding of material presented. Cognition and instructionlearning and memory wikibooks. Although verbal learning offers a powerful tool, mayer explores ways of going beyond the purely verbal. Many of these principles have been field tested in everyday learning. Reading subtitles and taking enotes while learning scientific. The cognitive theory of multimedia learning stephen d. The result is what mayer calls the cognitive theory of multimedia learning. This paper discusses how educators could use the cognitive constructivist theory of multimedia cctm to design interactive digital learning materials using camtasia and audacity. The cambridge handbook of multimedia learning 2nd ed. The cambridge handbook of multimedia learning edition 1.
Ctml has its roots in three assumptions that grow out of the research literature in cognitive psychology. Cognitive theory and frameworks like mayers cognitive theory of multimedia learning provide empirical guidelines that may help us to design multimedia instruction more effectively. Chapter 3 cognitive theory of multimedia learning richard e. Theoretical framework cognitive theory of multimedia learning mayer, 2001 and cognitive load theory sweller, 1999 provide a useful framework to explain the cognitive processing during learning from educational video. Mayer presents information in a sensible, clear manner that is easy to follow and makes sense. The cambridge handbook of multimedia learning is unique in offering a comprehensive, uptodate analysis of research and theory in the field, with a focus on computerbased learning. According to mayer, one feature of effective multimedia instruction.
Apr 23, 2001 drawing upon 10 years of research, the author provides seven principles for the design of multimedia messages and a cognitive theory of multimedia learning. Mayer s cognitive theory of multimedia learning ctml incorporates several concepts from both the science of learning how people learn and the science of instruction how to design instruction. Mayer s cognitive model, while limited to visual and auditory channels, provides a wealth of possibilities for maximizing the retention and understanding of information by students. This theory is a subtheory of john swellers cognitive load theory applied especially for multimedia learning, and therefore has many similarities with it. Implications of designing instructional video using cognitive. Choosing a cartoon animation that doesnt directly relate to the material can hinder a students learning rather than helping them. Incorporating motivation into multimedia learning sciencedirect.
Embracing multimedia learning principles to introduce multimedia learning principles. Mayers cognitive theory of multimedia learning tells us that the words and pictures that we choose for instruction are important and impactful. Video describes some of the contributions that led to and some of the ramifications of mayers cognitive theory of multimedia learning. The cambridge handbook of multimedia learning constitutes the worlds. Mcgrawhill canada richard mayers cognitive theory of. Three assumptions of a cognitive theory of multimedia learning. Jan 19, 2009 in multimedia learning, second edition, richard e. Mayer examines whether people learn more deeply when ideas are expressed in words and pictures rather than in words alone. Three assumptions of a cognitive theory of multimedia learning assumption description dual humans possess separate channels for processing channels visual and auditory information. In this second edition, mayer includes double the number of. Jun 02, 2017 embracing multimedia learning principles to introduce multimedia learning principles. Multimedia learning happens when we build mental representations from words and pictures. Mayer, john sweller, and roxana moreno established within the scientific literature a set of multimedia instructional design principles that promote effective learning.
Camtasia allows educators to create videos that motivate students, inform parents and enhance learning. Apr 21, 2014 video describes some of the contributions that led to and some of the ramifications of mayer s cognitive theory of multimedia learning. The cognitive theory of multimedia learning ctml is based on three cognitive science principles of learning. Implications of designing instructional video using. Cognitive theory of multimedia learning mayer learning. The boundary conditions are interpreted in terms of the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, and. Supporting visual and verbal learning preferences in a secondlanguage multimedia learning environment. The boundary conditions are interpreted in terms of the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, and help to enrich theories of multimedia learning. A cognitive approach to instructional design for multimedia.
The cambridge handbook of multimedia learning, publisher. Implications for design principles find, read and cite all the research you need on. Implications of cognitive load theory for multimedia learning. Reading subtitles and taking enotes while learning. Sorden mohave community collegenorthern arizona university abstract multimedia learning is a cognitive theory of learning which has been popularized by the work of richard e. Basic assumption of mayers theory is that the human working memory has two sub. Mayer practices what he preaches and writes a compelling, easytounderstanding, summary of his ten years of research on the subject. Cognitive theory of multimedia learning learning theories. The book can serve as an excellent text for upperlevel undergraduate and graduate.
Cognitive theory of multimedia learning ctml multimedia learning describes learning through the use of pictures and words. In recent years, multimedia learning, or learning from words and images, has developed into a coherent discipline with a significant research base. Cognitive theory of multimedia learning chapter 3 the. When presenting more material results in less understanding. Re mayer, j heiser, s lonn journal of educational psychology 93 1, 187, 2001. Active processing, is the last assumption that is based on the cognitive theory of multimedia learning. Beginning with cognitive load theory as their motivating scientific premise, researchers such as richard e. Mayer s cognitive theory of multimedia learning presents the idea that the brain does not interpret a multimedia presentation of words, pictures, and auditory information in a mutually exclusive fashion. He is the author of multimedia learning cambridge university press, 2001 and editor of the cambridge handbook of multimedia learning cambridge university press, 2005. The first edition was fundamental in my studies on personalized narration in the online environment. Mayer and other cognitive researchers who argue that multimedia supports the way that the human brain learns.
Drawing upon 10 years of research, the author provides seven principles for the design of multimedia messages and a cognitive theory of multimedia learning. They assert that people learn more deeply from words and pictures than from words alone, which is referred to as the multimedia principle mayer 2005a. Mayer is professor of psychology at the university of california, santa barbara, where he has served since 1975. It is built on the philosophy that the design of elearning courses should be based on. Drawings and tables as cognitive tools for solving nonroutine word problems in primary school. Since the first edition appeared in 2005, it has shaped the field. Mayer and others published a cognitive theory of multimedia learning. Mayer is the expert when it comes to multimedia and its relationship to learning. Multimedia learning center for educational innovation. Mayers cognitive theory on multimedia learning was developed to foster meaningful learning or a deeper understanding of material presented. This theory is a sub theory of john swellers cognitive load theory applied especially for multimedia learning, and therefore has many similarities with it. Mayers cognitive model, while limited to visual and auditory channels, provides a wealth of possibilities for maximizing the retention and understanding of information by students. Recent advances in graphics technology and information technology have prompted new efforts to understand the potential of multimedia learning as a means of promoting human understanding. In this second edition, mayer includes double the number of experimental comparisons, 6 new principles.
50 1342 1286 1091 480 1517 1498 540 951 475 136 1399 1065 970 1137 355 692 721 237 975 820 121 23 220 1457 1411 803 1220 634 705 1048 22 1085 140 1154 187